53,833 research outputs found
Measurement-induced nonlocality over two-sided projective measurements
Measurement-induced nonlocality (MiN), introduced by Luo and Fu [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 106(2011)120401], is a kind of quantum correlation that beyond
entanglement and even beyond quantum discord. Recently, we extended MiN to
infinite-dimensional bipartite system [arXiv:1107.0355]. MiN is defined over
one-sided projective measurements. In this letter we introduce a
measurement-induced nonlocality over two-sided projective measurements. The
nullity of this two-sided MiN is characterized, a formula for calculating
two-sided MiN for pure states is proposed, and a lower bound of (two-sided) MiN
for maximally entangled mixed states is given. In addition, we find that
(two-sided) MiN is not continuous. The two-sided geometric measure of quantum
discord (GMQD) is introduced in [Phys. Lett. A 376(2012)320--324]. We extend it
to infinite-dimensional system and then compare it with the two-sided MiN. Both
finite- and infinite-dimensional cases are considered.Comment: 12 page
A sharp stability criterion for the Vlasov-Maxwell system
We consider the linear stability problem for a 3D cylindrically symmetric
equilibrium of the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system that describes a
collisionless plasma. For an equilibrium whose distribution function decreases
monotonically with the particle energy, we obtained a linear stability
criterion in our previous paper. Here we prove that this criterion is sharp;
that is, there would otherwise be an exponentially growing solution to the
linearized system. Therefore for the class of symmetric Vlasov-Maxwell
equilibria, we establish an energy principle for linear stability. We also
treat the considerably simpler periodic 1.5D case. The new formulation
introduced here is applicable as well to the nonrelativistic case, to other
symmetries, and to general equilibria
Nuclear /EC decays in covariant density functional theory and the impact of isoscalar proton-neutron pairing
Self-consistent proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation based
on the spherical nonlinear point-coupling relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov
theory is established and used to investigate the /EC-decay half-lives
of neutron-deficient Ar, Ca, Ti, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Sn isotopes. The isoscalar
proton-neutron pairing is found to play an important role in reducing the decay
half-lives, which is consistent with the same mechanism in the decays
of neutron-rich nuclei. The experimental /EC-decay half-lives can be
well reproduced by a universal isoscalar proton-neutron pairing strength.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Fractional magnetic Sobolev inequalities with two variables
A fractional magnetic Sobolev inequality with two variables and critical exponents is considered in this paper, and the best constant in the inequality is determined. As an application of the inequality, we establish an existence result for the ground state solutions to a fractional magnetic critical system
Conditions for Nondistortion Interrogation of Quantum System
Under some physical considerations, we present a universal formulation to
study the possibility of localizing a quantum object in a given region without
disturbing its unknown internal state. When the interaction between the object
and probe wave function takes place only once, we prove the necessary and
sufficient condition that the object's presence can be detected in an initial
state preserving way. Meanwhile, a conditioned optimal interrogation
probability is obtained.Comment: 5 pages, Revtex, 1 figures, Presentation improved, corollary 1 added.
To appear in Europhysics Letter
Broadband super-Planckian thermal emission from hyperbolic metamaterials
We develop the fluctuational electrodynamics of metamaterials with hyperbolic
dispersion and show the existence of broadband thermal emission beyond the
black body limit in the near field. This arises due to the thermal excitation
of unique bulk metamaterial modes, which do not occur in conventional media. We
consider a practical realization of the hyperbolic metamaterial and estimate
that the effect will be observable using the characteristic dispersion
(topological transitions) of the metamaterial states. Our work paves the way
for engineering the near-field thermal emission using metamaterials
Neutrino Masses, Lepton Flavor Mixing and Leptogenesis in the Minimal Seesaw Model
We present a review of neutrino phenomenology in the minimal seesaw model
(MSM), an economical and intriguing extension of the Standard Model with only
two heavy right-handed Majorana neutrinos. Given current neutrino oscillation
data, the MSM can predict the neutrino mass spectrum and constrain the
effective masses of the tritium beta decay and the neutrinoless double-beta
decay. We outline five distinct schemes to parameterize the neutrino
Yukawa-coupling matrix of the MSM. The lepton flavor mixing and baryogenesis
via leptogenesis are investigated in some detail by taking account of possible
texture zeros of the Dirac neutrino mass matrix. We derive an upper bound on
the CP-violating asymmetry in the decay of the lighter right-handed Majorana
neutrino. The effects of the renormalization-group evolution on the neutrino
mixing parameters are analyzed, and the correlation between the CP-violating
phenomena at low and high energies is highlighted. We show that the observed
matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe can naturally be interpreted
through the resonant leptogenesis mechanism at the TeV scale. The
lepton-flavor-violating rare decays, such as , are also
discussed in the supersymmetric extension of the MSM.Comment: 50 pages, 22 EPS figures, macro file ws-ijmpe.cls included, accepted
for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys.
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